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Medium Severity

Brand impersonation: Sharepoint fake file share

Labels

Credential Phishing
Malware/Ransomware
Impersonation: Brand
Social engineering
Content analysis
Header analysis
URL analysis
Computer Vision

Description

This rule detects messages impersonating a Sharepoint file sharing email where no links point to known Microsoft domains.

References

No references.

Sublime Security
Created Nov 18th, 2023 • Last updated Jul 16th, 2025
Feed Source
Sublime Core Feed
Source
GitHub
type.inbound

// Sharepoint body content looks like this
and (
  (
    (
      any([body.current_thread.text, body.plain.raw],
          strings.ilike(.,
                        "*shared a file with you*",
                        "*shared with you*",
                        "*invited you to access a file*",
                        "*received a document*",
                        "*shared a document*",
                        "*shared a new document*",
                        "*shared this document*"
          )
      )
      or any(beta.ml_topic(body.current_thread.text).topics,
             .name == "File Sharing and Cloud Services"
             and .confidence == "high"
      )
      or any(file.explode(beta.message_screenshot()),
             strings.ilike(.scan.ocr.raw,
                           "*shared a file with you*",
                           "*shared with you*",
                           "*invited you to access a file*",
                           "*received a document*",
                           "*shared a document*",
                           "*shared a new document*",
                           "*shared this document*"
             )
             or any(beta.ml_topic(.scan.ocr.raw).topics,
                    .name == "File Sharing and Cloud Services"
                    and .confidence == "high"
             )
      )
    )
    and (
      strings.ilike(subject.subject,
                    "*shared*",
                    "*updated*",
                    "*sign*",
                    "*review*",
                    "*scanned*"
      )
      or strings.ilike(subject.subject,
                       "*Excel*",
                       "*SharePoint*",
                       "*PowerPoint*",
                       "*OneNote*"
      )
      or strings.ilike(sender.display_name,
                       "*Excel*",
                       "*SharePoint*",
                       "*PowerPoint*",
                       "*OneNote*"
      )
      or any(body.links, strings.icontains(.display_text, "OPEN DOCUMENT"))
      or subject.subject is null
      or subject.subject == ""
      // the org as determined by NLU is in the subject
      or any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
             .name == "org" and strings.icontains(subject.subject, .text)
      )
    )
  )
  or any([
           "Contigo", // Spanish
           "Avec vous", // French
           "Mit Ihnen", // German
           "Con te", // Italian
           "Com você", // Portuguese
           "Met u", // Dutch
           "С вами", // Russian
           "与你", // Chinese (Simplified)
           "與您", // Chinese (Traditional)
           "あなたと", // Japanese
           "당신과", // Korean
           "معك", // Arabic
           "آپ کے ساتھ", // Urdu
           "আপনার সাথে", // Bengali
           "आपके साथ", // Hindi
           "Sizinle", // Turkish // Azerbaijani
           "Med dig", // Swedish
           "Z tobą", // Polish
           "З вами", // Ukrainian
           "Önnel", // Hungarian
           "Μαζί σας", // Greek
           "איתך", // Hebrew
           "กับคุณ", // Thai
           "Với bạn", // Vietnamese
           "Dengan Anda", // Indonesian // Malay
           "Nawe", // Swahili
           "Cu dumneavoastră", // Romanian
           "S vámi", // Czech
           "Med deg", // Norwegian
           "S vami", // Slovak
           "Med dig", // Danish
           "Amb vostè", // Catalan
           "Teiega", // Estonian
           "S vama", // Serbian
         ],
         strings.icontains(subject.subject, .)
  )
)

// contains logic that impersonates Microsoft
and (
  any(ml.logo_detect(beta.message_screenshot()).brands,
      strings.starts_with(.name, "Microsoft")
  )
  or any(attachments,
         .file_type in $file_types_images
         and any(ml.logo_detect(.).brands,
                 strings.starts_with(.name, "Microsoft")
         )
  )
  or regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                     '<table[^>]*>\s*<tbody[^>]*>\s*<tr[^>]*>\s*(<td[^>]*bgcolor="#[0-9A-Fa-f]{6}"[^>]*>\s*&nbsp;\s*</td>\s*){2}\s*</tr>\s*<tr[^>]*>\s*(<td[^>]*bgcolor="#[0-9A-Fa-f]{6}"[^>]*>\s*&nbsp;\s*</td>\s*){2}'
  )
  or 3 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, '.password-expiration'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'color: #2672ec;'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'M­ic­ro­so­ft')
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(246,\s?93,\s?53\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(129,\s?187,\s?5\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(4,\s?165,\s?240\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?186,\s?7\)'),
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)red'
    ),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(19,\s?186,\s?132\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(4,\s?166,\s?240\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?186,\s?8\)'),
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(245,\s?189,\s?67\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(137,\s?184,\s?57\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(217,\s?83,\s?51\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(71,\s?160,\s?218\)')
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(73,\s?161,\s?232\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(224,\s?92,\s?53\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(139,\s?183,\s?55\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(244,\s?188,\s?65\)')
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(213,\s?56,\s?62\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(0,\s?114,\s?30\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(0,\s?110,\s?173\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(227,\s?209,\s?43\)'),
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(246,\s?93,\s?53\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(129,\s?187,\s?5\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(4,\s?165,\s?240\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?186,\s?7\)')
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(242,\s?80,\s?34\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(127,\s?186,\s?0\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(0,\s?164,\s?239\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?185,\s?0\)'),
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(243,\s?83,\s?37\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(129,\s?188,\s?6\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(5,\s?166,\s?240\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?186,\s?8\)')
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(243,\s?80,\s?34\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(128,\s?187,\s?3\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(3,\s?165,\s?240\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?185,\s?3\)')
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?(#)?(FF1940|eb5024|F25022|FF1941|red)'
    ),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?(#)?(36ba57|3eb55d|7db606|7FBA00|36ba58|green)'
    ),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(04a1d6|04B5F0|05a1e8|00A4EF|01a4ef|04a5f0)'
    ),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(FFCA07|f7b408|FFB900|FFCA08|ffb901|ffba07)'
    ),
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(f65314|f65d35|49a1e8|E74F23|F35325)'
    ),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(7cbf42|81bb05|e05c35|7AB206|81BC06)'
    ),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(00a4ef|0078d7|8bb737|04a5f0|059EE4|05A6F0)'
    ),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(ffb900|ffba07|f4bc41|F2B108|FFBA08)'
    ),
  )
  // fuzzy approach
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    'rgb\((2[1-4][0-9]|250),\s?(7[0-9]|8[0-9]|9[0-3]),\s?(3[0-9]|4[0-9]|5[0-3])\)'
    ),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    'rgb\((12[0-9]|13[0-9]),\s?(18[0-9]|190),\s?([0-9]|10)\)'
    ),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    'rgb\(([0-9]|1[0-5]),\s?(16[0-5]|166),\s?(23[0-9]|240)\)'
    ),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
                    'rgb\((25[0-5]),\s?(18[5-9]|19[0-9]),\s?([0-9]|10)\)'
    )
  )
  or 4 of (
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\((25[0-5]),\s?(2[0-5]),\s?(6[0-4])\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\((6[0-2]),\s?(18[0-1]),\s?(9[0-3])\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(([0-4]),\s?(18[0-1]),\s?(24[0])\)'),
    regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\((25[0-5]),\s?(20[0-2]),\s?([0-7])\)')
  )
  or (
    any(recipients.to,
        strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
                          strings.concat(.email.domain.sld,
                                         " shared a file with you"
                          )
        )
    )
  )
  or (
    any(recipients.to,
        strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
                          strings.concat("This link will work for ",
                                         .email.email
                          )
        )
    )
  )
  // contains HTML and wording from the sharepoint template
  or (
    (
      // 
      // This rule makes use of a beta feature and is subject to change without notice
      // using the beta feature in custom rules is not suggested until it has been formally released
      // 

      // alt text for the global icon
      length(html.xpath(body.html, '//img[@alt="permission globe icon"]').nodes) > 0
      // reference to the global icon id
      or length(html.xpath(body.html, '//img[@id="Picture_x0020_1"]').nodes) > 0
      // a comment reference the globe icon
      or strings.icontains(body.html.raw,
                           ' <!-- Permission globe icon placeholder -->'
      )
    )
    // the wording from the sharepoint share
    and strings.contains(body.current_thread.text,
                         'This invite will only work for you and people with existing access'
    )
  )
  or any(html.xpath(body.html,
                    "//*[contains(translate(@style, 'ABCDEF', 'abcdef'), 'color:#605e5c')]"
         ).nodes,
         .display_text =~ "Privacy Statement"
  )
  or 2 of (
    strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
                      'Microsoft respects your privacy'
    ),
    strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
                      'please read our Privacy Statement'
    ),
    strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
                      'Microsoft Corporation, One Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA 98052'
    ),
  )
)

// Negate messages when the message-id indciates the message is from MS actual. DKIM/SPF domains can be custom and therefore are unpredictable.
and not (
  strings.starts_with(headers.message_id, '<Share-')
  and strings.ends_with(headers.message_id, '@odspnotify>')
)

// fake Sharepoint shares are easy to identify if there are any links
// that don't point to microsoft[.]com or *.sharepoint[.]com
and not all(body.links,
            .href_url.domain.root_domain in (
              "1drv.ms",
              "aka.ms",
              "microsoft.com",
              "sharepoint.com"
            )
)
// if there is a Sharepoint link, ensure the link doesn't match any org SLDs
and not any(body.links,
            .href_url.domain.root_domain == "sharepoint.com"
            and any($org_slds, . == ..href_url.domain.subdomain)
)
and sender.email.domain.root_domain not in $org_domains
and sender.email.domain.root_domain not in (
  "bing.com",
  "microsoft.com",
  "microsoftonline.com",
  "microsoftsupport.com",
  "microsoft365.com",
  "office.com",
  "onedrive.com",
  "sharepointonline.com",
  "yammer.com",
  // ignore microsoft privacy statement links
  "aka.ms"
)

and (
  not (
    (
      strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "RE:")
      or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "R:")
      or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "ODG:")
      or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "答复:")
      or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "AW:")
      or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "TR:")
      or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "FWD:")
      or regex.imatch(subject.subject, '(\[[^\]]+\]\s?){0,3}(re|fwd?)\s?:')
      or regex.imatch(subject.subject,
                      '^\[?(EXT|EXTERNAL)\]?[: ]\s*(RE|FWD?|FW|AW|TR|ODG|答复):.*'
      )
    )
    and (
      (
        length(headers.references) > 0
        or any(headers.hops, any(.fields, strings.ilike(.name, "In-Reply-To")))
      )
      // ensure that there are actual threads
      and (length(body.html.display_text) - length(body.current_thread.text)) > 200
    )
  )
  or length(body.current_thread.text) == 0
)

// negate highly trusted sender domains unless they fail DMARC authentication
and (
  (
    sender.email.domain.root_domain in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
    and not headers.auth_summary.dmarc.pass
  )
  or sender.email.domain.root_domain not in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
)
and (
  profile.by_sender().solicited == false
  or profile.by_sender_email().prevalence == "new"
  or profile.by_sender_email().days_since.last_contact > 30
  or (
    profile.by_sender().any_messages_malicious_or_spam
    and not profile.by_sender().any_messages_benign
  )
  // or it's a spoof of the org_domain
  or (
    sender.email.domain.domain in $org_domains
    and not (
      headers.auth_summary.spf.pass
      or coalesce(headers.auth_summary.dmarc.pass, false)
    )
  )
)
and not profile.by_sender().any_messages_benign
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