High Severity

Attachment: Microsoft OAuth credential harvesting via EML with embedded malicious links

Description

Detects inbound messages containing EML attachments with embedded links targeting Microsoft OAuth authentication flows. The rule identifies suspicious Microsoft login URLs with specific query parameters indicating credential harvesting attempts, including offline access permissions, read/write scopes, and reprocessing endpoints. Links are detected within EML body content, embedded PDF/HTML attachments, and ICS calendar files.

References

No references.

Sublime Security
Created Jun 1st, 2026 • Last updated Jun 1st, 2026
Source
type.inbound
and any(attachments,
        (.content_type == "message/rfc822" or .file_extension in ("eml"))
        and (
          // links in attached EML body
          any(file.parse_eml(.).body.links,
              .href_url.domain.domain == 'login.microsoftonline.com'
              and (
                strings.ilike(.href_url.query_params,
                              '*offline_access*',
                              '*.readwrite*',
                              '*.read*',
                              '*ctx=*',
                              '*prompt=none*'
                )
                or (
                  strings.icontains(.href_url.path, '/common/reprocess')
                  and strings.icontains(.href_url.query_params, 'ctx=')
                  and strings.icontains(.href_url.query_params, 'sessionId=')
                )
              )
          )
          // links in PDF and HTML attachments inside the EML
          or any(filter(file.parse_eml(.).attachments,
                        .file_type in ("pdf", "html")
                 ),
                 any(file.explode(.),
                     any(.scan.url.urls,
                         .domain.domain == 'login.microsoftonline.com'
                         and (
                           strings.ilike(.query_params,
                                         '*offline_access*',
                                         '*.readwrite*',
                                         '*.read*',
                                         '*ctx=*',
                                         '*prompt=none*'
                           )
                           or (
                             strings.icontains(.path, '/common/reprocess')
                             and strings.icontains(.query_params, 'ctx=')
                             and strings.icontains(.query_params, 'sessionId=')
                           )
                         )
                     )
                 )
          )
          // links in ICS attachments inside the EML
          or any(filter(file.parse_eml(.).attachments,
                        .file_type == "ics"
                        or .file_extension == "ics"
                        or .content_type in ("application/ics", "text/calendar")
                 ),
                 //
                 // This rule makes use of a beta feature and is subject to change without notice
                 // using the beta feature in custom rules is not suggested until it has been formally released
                 //
                 any(beta.file.parse_ics(.).events,
                     any(.links,
                         .href_url.domain.domain == 'login.microsoftonline.com'
                         and (
                           strings.ilike(.href_url.query_params,
                                         '*offline_access*',
                                         '*.readwrite*',
                                         '*.read*',
                                         '*ctx=*',
                                         '*prompt=none*'
                           )
                           or (
                             strings.icontains(.href_url.path,
                                               '/common/reprocess'
                             )
                             and strings.icontains(.href_url.query_params,
                                                   'ctx='
                             )
                             and strings.icontains(.href_url.query_params,
                                                   'sessionId='
                             )
                           )
                         )
                     )
                 )
          )
        )
) 
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